Bài giảng Tiếng Anh Khối THCS - Relative clause

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1. RELATIVE CLAUSE -Mệnh đề quan hệ là một mệnh đề đứng sau một danh từ, có chức năng bổ nghĩa cho danh từ. -Mệnh đề quan hệ thường được bắt đầu bởi các đại từ quan hệ như: who, whom, which, that whose hoặc các trạng từ quan hệ như: where, when 1/Relative pronouns: (Đại từ quan hệ ) : Dùng để nối hai câu riêng biệt thành một câu. Nó thay thế cho một trong hai cụm từ giống nhau - WHO: Dùng thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ người , nó thay thế cho cụm từ ở vị trí chủ ngữ. - I need to meet the boy. The boy is my friend’s son. → I need to meet the boy who is my friend’s son. - The woman is standing over there. She is my sister. →The woman who is standing over there is my sister.
2. - WHICH: Dùng thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ đồ vật ,ở vị trí S và bổ ngữ. VD: - She works for a company. It makes cars → She works for a company which makes cars. - The Passover is very exciting. People hold it in late March or early April. → The Passover which people hold in late March or early April is - THAT : Mệnh đề quan hệ xác định: Là mệnh đề cần phải có trong câu, nếu bỏ đi mệnh đề chính sẽ không có nghĩa rõ ràng. Đối với loại câu này, đại từ quan hệ làm tân ngữ có thể được bỏ đi. Ta có thể dùng từ that thay thế cho who, whom, which I need to meet the boy who is my friend’s son. The woman who is standing over there is my sister. I know the girl whom I spoke to. The man whom your father is talking to is my teacher.
3. - Trong cấu trúc It + be + + that (chính là ) Ex: It is my friend that wrote this sentence. * Trường hợp không được dùng that: mệnh đề có dấu (,), ĐTQH có giới từ đứng trước. Lưu ý: giới từ chỉ đứng trước whom và which, không đứng trước who và that Ví dụ: Peter, who/whom I played tennis with on Sunday, was fitter than me. Or: Peter, with whom I played tennis on Sunday, was fitter than me. Not: Peter, with who I played tennis on Sunday, was fitter than me. 2/ Relative adverb ( Trạng từ quan hệ ) - WHEN: Có thể dùng để thay thế “on which” hoặc “in which” (dùng để chỉ thời gian) Ex: The month when (in which) I was born. - WHERE: Có thể thay thế cho “at which” hoặc “in which” (dùng để chỉ nơi chốn) Ex: The resort where I enjoyed.
4. Exercise 2: Combine the sentences using appropriate relative pronouns: 1. This morning I missed the train. I usually catch this train. 2. I met Mary. She asked me to give you this. 3. This is my neighbor. Her children are lovely. 4. Jack was the goalkeeper. His injuries were not serious. 5. I gave you the book. It had many interesting drawings. 6. I am reading a book at the moment. It is interesting. 7. I’ve lived in hanoi. It’s a very ancient and beautiful city. 8. These cakes are very delicious. I bought them yesterday. 9. They are singing a song. Do you like it? 10. This is a story of a man. His wife suddenly loses her memory. 11. I was waiting for a man. He didn’t turn up. 12. This is the house. I was born there. 13. A building has now been rebuilt. It was destroyed in the fire. 14. A girl is now in hospital. She was injured in the accident. 15. A bomb caused a lot of damage. It went off this morning.
5. 7. Was Neil Armstrong the first person___foot on the moon? A. set B. setting C. to set D. who was set 8. This is the village in___my family and I have lived for over 20 years. A. which B. that C. whom D. where 9. My mother,___everyone admires, is a famous teacher. A. where B. whom C. which D. whose 10. The old building___is in front of my house fell down. A. of which B. which C. whose D. whom 11. We need a teacher___native language is English. A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
6. EXERCISE 4: Chọn đáp án có lỗi sai cần được sửa: 1. The man for who the police are looking robbed the bank last week. 2. Today, the number of people whom moved into this city is almost double that of twenty years ago. 3. They work with a person his name is John. 4. The man whom you are looking for living in this neighborhood. 5. His father warned him not repeating that mistake again. 6. My mother will fly to Ha Noi, that is the capital city of Vietnam. 7. She is the most beautiful girl whose I have ever met. 8. Every student who majors in English are ready to participate in this contest